Introduction to Publishing

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Reading Practice

Instruction: Read the following reading text silently and loudly!

Most people are familiar with what a publisher is. After all, books, movies, magazines, and newspapers, as well as the internet, make up a considerable portion of our entertainment and information gathering. But the world of publishing is extremely large, and there is a lot to know about it.

What is Publishing?

Publishing is generally defined as the activity behind duplicating a work of written content and making it widely available. This is done through distribution channels that are already in existence. Although technically, audiobooks, music, and video entertainment are published, we will be focusing on written content for the purposes of this article. This includes things like books, magazines, and newspapers.

What is a Publisher?

Simply put, a publisher is someone who publishes. Publishers can range from huge companies that put out hundreds of different types of content to tiny publishers that only publish once or twice a year. A publisher may also refer to a person, although it usually refers to the company that supports that person. Publishing is a strong business in the United States, although print publishing has definitely declined in recent years and decades.

The History of Publishing

Publishing became possible with the invention of writing and became more practical with the introduction of printing. Before printing, distributed works were copied manually by scribes. Due to printing, publishing progressed hand-in-hand with the development of books.

The Chinese inventor Bi Sheng made a movable type of earthenware circa 1045, but there are no known surviving examples of his work. The Korean civil servant Choe Yun-ui, who lived during the Goryeo Dynasty, invented the first metal moveable type in 1234-1250 AD [6]

Around 1450, in what is commonly regarded as an independent invention, Johannes Gutenberg invented movable type in Europe, along with innovations in casting the type based on a matrix and hand mold. This invention gradually made books less expensive to produce and more widely available.

Eventually, printing enabled other forms of publishing besides books. The history of modern newspaper publishing started in Germany in 1609, with the publishing of magazines following in 1663.

Historically, publishing has been handled by publishers, although some authors are self-published. The establishment of the World Wide Web in 1989 soon propelled the website into a dominant publishing medium. Wikis and Blogs soon developed, followed by online books, online newspapers, and online magazines.

Since its start, the World Wide Web has been facilitating the technological convergence of commercial and self-published content, as well as the convergence of publishing and producing into online production through the development of multimedia content

Adapted from 

https://www.openpr.com/wiki/publishing-publisher

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publishing

Conversation Practice

Instruction: Answer the following question and practice with your friends!

1. What is publishing?
2. What is a publisher?
3. Explain the history of publishing!
4. who invented the actual movable machine type in the history of publishing?
5. Mention some products of publishing!

Pronunciation Practice

Instruction: Pronounce the following words and understanding the meaning!

No	List of Difficult Words	Pronunciation	Meaning
1	Newspaper	ˈn(y)o͞ozˌpāpər	Koran
2	Entertainment	ˌen(t)ərˈtānmənt	Hiburan
3	Duplicating	ˌd(y)o͞opləˈkā(t)iNG	Menduplikasi
4	Distribution	ˌdistrəˈbyo͞oSH(ə)n	Distribusi
5	Publisher	ˈpəbliSHər	Penerbit
6	Publish	ˈpəbliSH	Menerbitkan
7	Company	ˈkəmp(ə)nē	Perusahaan
8	Business	ˈbiznəs	Bisnis
9	Invention	inˈven(t)SH(ə)n	Penemuan
11	Inventor	inˈven(t)ər	Penemu
12	Printing	ˈprin(t)iNG	Pencetakan
13	produce	prəˈd(y)o͞os	Menciptakan
14	Magazines	ˈmaɡəˌzēn	Majalah
15	Development	dəˈveləpmənt	Perkembangan